Impurities Removed by Distillation
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This is known as the complete system because the distillation
process removes virtually all impurities from water. The
beauty of properly equipped distillers is that they are
highly efficient at removing nitrates (fertilizer residuals),
bacteria, cysts, viruses, sodium, dissolved solids, most
organic compounds (solvents, herbicides, and pesticides),
heavy metals including lead and arsenic, and radio-nucleides
from water. As a ball park figure, it would not be incorrect
to state that distillers remove about 99.5 percent of the
impurities from raw water.
Distillation does not Remove
While being almost a complete filtration system, distillers
can actually allow a very tiny percentage of impurities
to pass over into the storage container during distillation.
These are the volatile organic contaminants (VOC's) that
boil at temperatures below or very close to water (207-218
degrees Fahrenheit). VOC's include some pesticides and solvents.
The process of distillation alone is not adequate to remove
VOC's. The way to beat this is by having distillers that
are vented and/or have carbon post treatment filters (ACF's).
Water Distiller Claims - true (or not)?
Many people selling water distillers make claims regarding contaminant removal. What principle do these units use to treat water?
A: Distillation removes most impurities from water. Distillers are commonly used for removing:
- Nitrate;
- Bacteria;
- Sodium;
- Hardness;
- Dissolved solids;
- Most organic compounds;
- Heavy metals; and
- Radionucleides.
- Distillers remove about 99.5 percent of the impurities from water.
Some VOCs (volatile organic compounds), certain pesticides and volatile solvents boil at temperatures very close to water and, thus, will remain with the treated condensation water.
These types of contaminants will not be substantially reduced in concentration by distillation.
However, some distillers are specially equipped to remove VOCs through VOC gas venting, drawing off the VOCs at a different place in the system when condensed and activated carbon adsorption.
Although bacteria are removed by distillation, they may recolonize on the cooling coils during inactive periods and then end up in the treated water.
The process
Distillers generate heat to boil water into steam that condenses as purer water:
When water boils, it leaves impurities behind in the boiling chamber.
The rising steam passes into a cooling section and condenses back into a liquid.
The condensed water then flows into a storage container.
As water is heated, the impurities in the boiling chamber increase in concentration.
The water left behind in the boiling chamber is discarded and the process restarts.
Household distillers are designed for providing water for drinking and cooking. It would be economical to distill water for other uses such as flushing toilets, bathing, washing clothes, and cleaning.
There are two types of distillers: batch units and continuous flow units. The equipment you sell should carry UL, NSF or WQA approval.
Distiller advantages:
Distillers remove almost all of the impurities found in water, produce sodium free water, and are relatively easy to maintain.
Most distillers are mechanically simple.
Distiller disadvantages:
Distillers have small capacities and use considerable energy to process water.
Because of the small capacities, distillers are limited to point-of-use (POU) systems.
Distillers without gas vents, fractional columns or activated carbon add-ons will not remove VOCs.
Heat generated by a distiller must be dissipated into the surrounding environment.
Distilled water has a bland taste, like deionized water, because the dissolved minerals that give water a pleasing taste have been removed.
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